Lesson 6: END-OF-LIFE VEHICLE STATISTICS
In this lesson, we will explore key statistics related to end-of-life vehicles (ELVs), their environmental impact, and the challenges faced by the industry.
- Growing Challenge of Vehicle Recycling
- The constant annual growth of vehicles in use presents a significant challenge for the vehicle recycling industry.
- Often, the prescribed norms and directives are not fully met, leading to the accumulation of waste from the automotive industry.
- The rapid rise of electric vehicles, coupled with plans to phase out fossil fuel vehicles, is expected to exacerbate environmental issues related to vehicle waste.
- ELVs in EU Countries (2008-2018)
- Despite manufacturers’ efforts to meet demand, data from 2018 indicates that a substantial gap exists between the number of vehicles sold (15.46 million) and those removed from traffic (6 million).
- Discrepancy Between Manufactured and ELVs
- Figure 13 highlights the significant difference between the number of manufactured vehicles and end-of-life vehicles in EU Member States from 2008 to 2018.
- Annually, approximately 14.96 million new vehicles are produced.
- Mass Recoverability Rate
- Directive 2000/53/EC defines the mass recoverability rate for vehicles, increased from 85% to 95% of the total mass in 2015.
- From 2015 to 2018, EU countries did not consistently achieve the satisfactory recoverability rate, despite success in some nations.
- Recyclability Rate
- The recyclability rate, also prescribed by Directive 2000/53/EC (85% from 2015), was consistently met across the EU until 2018, though some countries lag behind.
- Total Mass of ELVs (2008-2018)
- Approximately 560,000 tonnes of unusable vehicle material accumulate in Europe after vehicle recycling.
- ELV Recycling in France (2016)
- In 2016, France processed 1,046,083 vehicles, averaging 1,065.78 kilograms each.
- The total vehicle mass entering the recycling process in France in 2016 was 1,114,988.5 tonnes, with 92.4% of them being passenger vehicles averaging 18.2 years old.
- Figure 21 shows the origin of vehicles entering the recycling process, with nearly half being individually owned.
- Waste Accumulation and Recovery
- The decontamination process generated 28,340 tonnes of vehicle waste in 2016, 71% of which was recycled.
- Approximately 3.4% of ELV mass comprised tires (37,907 tonnes), with only 25% recycled and 37% reusable.
- A total of 96,189 tonnes of parts were dismantled, potentially reusable, with an average of 92 kilograms per vehicle.
- After dismantling, 80,426 tonnes were prepared for recycling or recovery.
- Non-Metallic Material Recovery
- An average of 71% of non-metallic material was recovered in shredders.
- Recycling Challenges
- Figure 24 highlights the challenges posed by polymers and glass in recycling.
- In 2016, France achieved an 86.9% recyclability rate (fulfilling the Directive’s norm) and a 94.8% recoverability rate (progress compared to the previous year).
Conclusion
- ELV statistics provide valuable insights into the environmental impact of vehicle waste.
- Challenges persist in achieving prescribed norms, with variations among EU countries.
- Monitoring and improving ELV recycling rates are crucial for the automotive industry’s sustainability.